Dry eye syndrome is one of the most common problems treated by eye physicians. Over ten million Americans suffer from dry eyes. It is usually caused by a problem with the quality of the tear film that lubricates the eyes. Healthy eyes are continuously covered by a tear film — a constant layer of fluid designed to remain stable between blinks. A stable tear film prevents dry eyes and allows your eyes to maintain clear, comfortable vision.

The tear film protects eyes and lubricates them. It also reduces the risk of eye infection and, each blink of eyelids, helps clear your eyes of any debris. Decreased production of fluids from tear glands can destabilize the tear film, allowing it to break down rapidly and create dry spots on the clear front surface of the eye (cornea) that cause irritation and diminished vision. An imbalance in the substances that make up the tear film also lead to dry eyes.

Dry eyes are a common source of discomfort, and usually dry eyes are a chronic problem. Adults age 40 or older are most likely to experience dry eyes. Treatment of dry eyes is aimed at restoring a more normal tear film to minimize dryness and its consequences, including blurred vision and discomfort.